Factors with a significance of P < 0.2 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to identify independent risk factors. A total of 639 patients underwent microsurgical free flap reconstruction with 778 flaps over the 4-year study period; 139 patients had two free flaps during the same operation. The overall incidence of flap failure was 4.4% (34/778) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.0%, 6.2%). Operative time was identified as an independent risk factor

for free flap failure. After adjusting for other factors, those whose operative time was equal to or greater than the 75th percentile (625.5 min) were twice as likely to experience flap failure (AOR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.01–4.31; P = 0.045). None of the other risk factors studied were significant contributors. In this series, the overall flap loss rate of was 4.4%. Operative time was a significant independent risk factor Angiogenesis inhibitor for flap failure. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2014. “
“Large skeletal defects of the upper extremity pose a serious clinical problem with potentially deleterious effects on both function and viability of the limb. Recent advances in the Selleckchem GDC973 microsurgical techniques involved in free vascularized bone transfers for complex limb injuries have dramatically improved limb salvage and musculoskeletal reconstruction.

This study evaluates the clinical and radiographic results of 18 patients who underwent reconstruction of large defects of the long bones of the upper extremity with free vascularized fibular bone grafts. Mean patient age was Amino acid 27 years (7−43 years) and mean follow-up was 4 years (1−10 years). The results confirm the value of vascularized fibular grafts for bridging large bone defects in the upper extremity. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2011. “
“Multiple primary tumors are a known phenomenon in head and neck cancer. However, the incidence of simultaneous oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer is extremely rare. In light of this, the surgical treatment

for oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer has not been established. Here we present a case of oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer in which we successfully used a free jejunal flap to reconstruct an oral and hypopharyngeal defect. When the oral tumor is limited to the mucosal surface, a single-stage reconstruction with a free jejunal flap is a suitable option because it is simple and causes less morbidity than using additional flap reconstruction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012. “
“The purpose of this study was to observe whether the results of the median nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps are equivalent to the classical ulnar nerve fascicle transfer, in terms of elbow flexion strength and donor nerve morbidity.